FREQUENCY OF CLEFT LIP AND PALATE IN CHILDREN OF CONSANGUINEOUS PARENTS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of cleft lip and palate in relation to inter-family or out of the family marriages.

A birth defect can present as a single defect, syndromic fatal or nonfatal. Cleft lip and/or palate is one of the most common genetic defects that effect every 2 individuals out of 1000 live births. Inter-cousin marriages are the primary cause of these genetic defects. A case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital to determine the frequency of occurrence of cleft lip and palate patients in children of consanguineous marriages.

Methodology: Data of 60 subjects were collected (30 cases and 30 controls) using a pre structured Performa which included age, gender, location of cleft, cleft lip, cleft alveolus, cleft palate cleft lip and palate, cleft side, familial relation of parents, presence, and absence of cleft. SPSS version 24.0 was used for statistical analysis. Odds ratio (OR) were done for statistical analysis and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Our results showed that cleft lip and/or palate was higher in males than female subjects, male accounted for 72.2% and female 27.8%. Consanguineous marriages accounted for 60% of cases and non-consanguineous marriages resulted in 30% of the cases that presented with cleft lip/and palate.

Conclusion: The odds (OR=2.000) of developing cleft lip and/or palate in children of consanguineous parents is two times greater than children of non-consanguineous parents.