SYSTEMIC EFFECTS OF LOCAL ANAESTHESIA IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to review the literature to assess any scientific basis for the limited use of dental anesthesia with a vasoconstrictor agent in hypertensive patients. This stratified randomized control study was carried out at the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Baqai Dental College, Karachi from August 2014 to January 2015. The total numbers of patients were 75; age range from 25 to 70 years. The patients were characterized by the JNC-8 report for hypertension patients i.e. normotensive with <120/180mmHg and hypertensive with >140/90mmHg. Patients were clinically evaluated and were divided into three groups, each groups comprises of 25 patients. Group A: Hypertensive patients who were administered 2% lignocaine. Group B: Hypertensive patients administered 2% lignocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 and Group C: Normotensive patients who were administered 2% lignocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000. The mean age of the study sample was 46.6213.81. These three groups were further stratified into three categories on the basis of age i.e. young patients age 25 to 35 years, middle age 36-55 years and old age 56-70 years respectively, to check the relation of hypertension with age. The mean B.P increased in all groups after two minutes of administration, which maintained even after 5 minutes of administration, while after extraction it returned to the observed baseline values in each group. When including age as a co-variable in the multivariate analysis, no statistically significant differences was observed between groups and did not show any adverse effects of epinephrine.