ANALYSIS OF GOLDEN PROPORTION IN MAXILLARY ANTERIOR DENTITION

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the existence of golden proportion in clinical crowns of maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors and canines by using their perceived mesio-distal widths among patients of Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore. A Descriptive Cross-Sectional study was conducted in outpatient department, Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore from 6 March 2020 to 6-September-2020. Maxillary gypsum casts were obtained from 151 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Standardized frontal photograph of each cast was recorded on a digital camera. Perceived mesio-distal widths of central incisors, lateral incisors and canines were determined by Adobe Photoshop version CS-6. Mean width ratio of lateral incisor/central incisor (LI/CI) and canine/lateral incisor (C/LI) of each side was calculated and compared with the Golden ratio (0.62). Chi- square test was applied to explore Golden proportion. For right side golden proportion for LI/CI was seen in 20(13.25%) patients and for C/LI golden proportion was seen in 5(3.31%) patients. For left side golden proportion for LI/CI was seen in 28(18.54%) patients and for C/LI golden proportion was seen in 5(3.31%) patients. Right and left side proportions were found symmetrical for LI/CI ratio (right: 0.72, left: 0.73) whereas for C/LI, it was asymmetrical ( right:0.68, left: 0.80). The outcomes did not show sufficient gender variation to affect the golden proportion measurements. Results of this study revealed low frequency of golden proportion in clinical crowns of maxillary central incisor, lateral incisor and canine. LI/CI golden proportion was more common than C/LI golden proportion. The adapted golden proportion might not serve as a guideline to create well-balanced proportions in maxillary anterior teeth for our population.